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育龙网核心提示: 托福语法笔记之改错--名词名词一、重要的名词重要的可数名词discovery, cloud, mineral, metal, material, substance,population,

托福语法笔记之改错--名词
名词
一、重要的名词
重要的可数名词
discovery, cloud, mineral, metal, material, substance,
population, effort, effect, animal, plant, mammal,
insect, tree, herb, shrub, element, function, feature,
picture, result, clue, star, reason, audience, device,
structure, human , human being, system, fashion, kind,
resource, source, origin, pioneer, automobile, purpose,
style, response, number, amount, variety, quantity, type
常见的不可数名词
furniture, luggage, clothing, equiment, poetry, jewelry,
machinery, weaponry, scenery, information, knowledge,
homework, evidence, folige, advertising, health
1.液体不可数
2.自然现象不可数:rain, sunlight,
but a heavy rain可以用
3.颗粒状不可数
4.看不见摸不着的不可数
证据不可数,intelligence不可数, advice建议皆不可数
5.学科不可数
mathematics, economics, statistics, physics, politics,
mechanics, genetics, geology, geography, chemistry,
philosophy, biology, histroy
6.疾病不可数: meales, munps , diabetes
7.总称不可数
常见的不规则名词
tooth, foot一定错
man-men, woman-women, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, goose-geese,
basis-bases, analysis-analyses, crisis-crises, axis-axes,
hypothesis-hypotheses, alga-algae, lava-lavar,
fungus-fungi, stimulus-stimuli, datum-data, medium-media,
bacterium-bacteria, spectrum-spectra, mouse-mice,
child-children, phonemenon-phenomena
常见的单复数同形的名词
aircraft, spcecraft等 craft结尾的词
species, series, means
sheep, deer, trout, carp, salmon, fish-fishes,fish
鱼类一般单复同形
单一复数意义有差异的名词
sky-skies water-waters
good-goods part-parts
custom=customs spectacle-spectacles
letter-letters arm-arms
force-forces
??:这些词加s后是另一个名词单数还是作为复数
即可数又不可数的名词
不可数可数
paper纸文件
rock碎岩块岩
collection各种收藏品同一种收藏品
sugar砂糖方糖
area面积地区
land面积区域
work作品;工作著作;工厂,工程,工事
room空间房间
time时间倍数,时代
art, newspaper, food, beverage
art泛指艺术不可数
一种艺术 an art
各种各样的艺术 arts
eighteen pieces of newspapers十八张报纸
eighteen newspapers十八种报纸
此类:强调种类就属于可数
二、名词作定语的单复数问题
名词作主语,即noun.修饰noun.,前面的名词必须是单数
color effects, employment agenenices, sentence form, tree trunks
例外:a sales girl, a sales tax
a greetings card, a sports car
a savings bank, a communications satellite
a systems engineering
man或woman修饰noun.时,其单复数应该同时变
a woman boxer-women boxers
表示某一学科的教授、学生、教科书、实验室...时,只能用
学科名本身修饰
a mathematical professor错
a biological textbook错
the chemical lab错
the highest scientific award错
a mathematical model对
三、重要的限定词
many +复数
much +不可数n
看见many去找复数名词
as many as
50 percent of the money
~~~~~~不可数~~~~~不可数
many和much可为代词
many of..., much of..., ...by many
some,any后跟单/复数,不可数/可数均可
some object某一物体
some objects一些物体
some money一些钱
也可作代词:some of..., any of...
few/a few, little/a little
~~~~~~~~+可数~~~~~~~~~~~+不可数
few+复数
every/each +单可
each major styles错
each ten boys对
every four years对
数词/several +复数
five aircraft对
several setting错
one of/among +复数
be considered +noun./adj.
be regareded as
be viewed as
first/only/single +单/复均可
the first school第一所学校
the first schools第一批学校
a single +单可
no single +复可
hundred,thousand,million,billion
five hundred boys, hundreds of boys, hundred million boys
another +单可
other +复名
anyother+单可
例外:other part .
a number of +复noun. +复Verb
the number of +复noun. +单verb
The amount fo leisue time is increasing